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Energy of Atoms

Atoms are made of 3 subatomic (smaller than atoms) particles

  • Protons - have a positive charge; stay in the nucleus

  • Neutrons - have no charge (neutral) and stay in the nucleus

  • Electrons - have a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus

Charges play a key role in the energy of atoms

  • Opposite Charges (+ and -) attract

  • Like charges (- and -) or (+ and +) repel each other

Bonds form when atoms come together to make molecules

  • Covalent bonds occur when atoms share electrons

  • Ionic bonds occur when charged atoms are attracted to each other

Atoms in water are constantly moving (kinetic energy)

  • Brownian Motion - atoms/molecules in a fluid (liquid or gas) are constantly moving because the particles of the fluid keep bumping into them

  • This allows for easier transport of molecules, and diffusion

Topics

Molecules.png

General Bonding Info

Ionic Bonds

Covalent Bonds

Hydrogen Bonds

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General Diffusion

Diffusion Across a Membrane

Osmosis

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