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Lipid and Protein Energy

Lipids

Lipids are a source of long term energy storage.

  • Fats and Oils can be stored for a lifetime without ever being used

  • Cells will use available glucose first, but then start to use fat

  • Fats store 9 calories per gram (carbs and protein store 4 calories per gram)

  • Glycerol can be used in Glycolysis

  • Fatty Acids can be converted into Acetyl CoA

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Proteins

Proteins are first used for building body structures, but they can be broken down for energy.

  • Proteins yield 4 calories per gram (same as carbs)

  • Amino acids can be converted to Acetyl CoA or other molecules of the Krebs Cycle.

  • Before they can be used, the nitrogen must be removed.

  • This makes Ammonia, which is converted to Urea, which is eliminated in Urine.

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