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Respiration

Respiration is the process that releases the energy from organic molecules (glucose) to be stored in ATP

ATP provides energy for all cell processes; without ATP, cells (and bodies) die.

Aerobic Respiration

Aerobic Respiration uses oxygen and makes the most ATP

Formula: Glucose + Oxygen --> ATP + Water + Carbon Dioxide
Starts in the cytoplasm, but mostly occurs in the Mitochondria
Produces 36-38 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose

Anaerobic Respiration

Anaerobic Respiration does not use oxygen and cannot make nearly as much ATP

Formula: Glucose --> ATP + Waste Product(s)
Occurs in the Cytoplasm
Produces 2 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose
Requires Fermentation to recycle molecules involved in the process
- Alcoholic Fermentation
  - occurs in yeast and plants
  - makes alcohol and carbon dioxide
- Lactic Acid Fermentation
  - occurs in animals and bacteria
  - makes lactic acid
  - in humans, occurs most often in muscle cells that can't get enough oxygen for high intensity work
  - acid makes muscles feel sore afterwards

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